A Perfect Storm: Impact of Genomic Variation and Serial Vaccination on Low Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness During the 2014-2015 Season.
Identifieur interne : 000169 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000168; suivant : 000170A Perfect Storm: Impact of Genomic Variation and Serial Vaccination on Low Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness During the 2014-2015 Season.
Auteurs : Danuta M. Skowronski ; Catharine Chambers ; Suzana Sabaiduc ; Gaston De Serres ; Anne-Luise Winter ; James A. Dickinson ; Mel Krajden ; Jonathan B. Gubbay ; Steven J. Drews ; Christine Martineau ; Alireza Eshaghi ; Trijntje L. Kwindt ; Nathalie Bastien ; Yan LiSource :
- Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America [ 1537-6591 ] ; 2016.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Canada (épidémiologie), Enfant, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Femelle, Grippe humaine (), Grippe humaine (immunologie), Grippe humaine (virologie), Grippe humaine (épidémiologie), Génome viral (génétique), Humains, Jeune adulte, Mâle, Nourrisson, Sujet âgé, Surveillance sentinelle, Vaccins antigrippaux (immunologie), Virus de la grippe A (génétique), Virus de la grippe A (immunologie), Virus influenza B (génétique), Virus influenza B (immunologie).
- MESH :
- génétique : Génome viral, Virus de la grippe A, Virus influenza B.
- immunologie : Grippe humaine, Vaccins antigrippaux, Virus de la grippe A, Virus influenza B.
- virologie : Grippe humaine.
- épidémiologie : Canada, Grippe humaine.
- Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Enfant, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Femelle, Grippe humaine, Humains, Jeune adulte, Mâle, Nourrisson, Sujet âgé, Surveillance sentinelle.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Canada (epidemiology), Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Genome, Viral (genetics), Humans, Infant, Influenza A virus (genetics), Influenza A virus (immunology), Influenza B virus (genetics), Influenza B virus (immunology), Influenza Vaccines (immunology), Influenza, Human (epidemiology), Influenza, Human (immunology), Influenza, Human (prevention & control), Influenza, Human (virology), Male, Middle Aged, Sentinel Surveillance, Young Adult.
- MESH :
- chemical , immunology : Influenza Vaccines.
- epidemiology : Canada, Influenza, Human.
- genetics : Genome, Viral, Influenza A virus, Influenza B virus.
- immunology : Influenza A virus, Influenza B virus, Influenza, Human.
- prevention & control : Influenza, Human.
- virology : Influenza, Human.
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Middle Aged, Sentinel Surveillance, Young Adult.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The 2014-2015 influenza season was distinguished by an epidemic of antigenically-drifted A(H3N2) viruses and vaccine components identical to 2013-2014. We report 2014-2015 vaccine effectiveness (VE) from Canada and explore contributing agent-host factors.
METHODS
VE against laboratory-confirmed influenza was derived using a test-negative design among outpatients with influenza-like illness. Sequencing identified amino acid mutations at key antigenic sites of the viral hemagglutinin protein.
RESULTS
Overall, 815/1930 (42%) patients tested influenza-positive: 590 (72%) influenza A and 226 (28%) influenza B. Most influenza A viruses with known subtype were A(H3N2) (570/577; 99%); 409/460 (89%) sequenced viruses belonged to genetic clade 3C.2a and 39/460 (8%) to clade 3C.3b. Dominant clade 3C.2a viruses bore the pivotal mutations F159Y (a cluster-transition position) and K160T (a predicted gain of glycosylation) compared to the mismatched clade 3C.1 vaccine. VE against A(H3N2) was -17% (95% confidence interval [CI], -50% to 9%) overall with clade-specific VE of -13% (95% CI, -51% to 15%) for clade 3C.2a but 52% (95% CI, -17% to 80%) for clade 3C.3b. VE against A(H3N2) was 53% (95% CI, 10% to 75%) for patients vaccinated in 2014-2015 only, significantly lower at -32% (95% CI, -75% to 0%) if also vaccinated in 2013-2014 and -54% (95% CI, -108% to -14%) if vaccinated each year since 2012-2013. VE against clade-mismatched B(Yamagata) viruses was 42% (95% CI, 10% to 62%) with less-pronounced reduction from prior vaccination compared to A(H3N2).
CONCLUSIONS
Variation in the viral genome and negative effects of serial vaccination likely contributed to poor influenza vaccine performance in 2014-2015.
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciw176
PubMed: 27025838
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
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<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Laval University.</nlm:affiliation>
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<wicri:noCountry code="no comma">University of Calgary.</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Krajden, Mel" sort="Krajden, Mel" uniqKey="Krajden M" first="Mel" last="Krajden">Mel Krajden</name>
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<wicri:noCountry code="no comma">British Columbia Centre for Disease Control.</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
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<wicri:noCountry code="no comma">Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec.</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
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<wicri:noCountry code="no comma">Laval University.</wicri:noCountry>
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<wicri:noCountry code="no comma">Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec.</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
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<wicri:noCountry code="subField">Toronto</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
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<wicri:noCountry code="no comma">University of Calgary.</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
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<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>British Columbia Centre for Disease Control.</nlm:affiliation>
<wicri:noCountry code="no comma">British Columbia Centre for Disease Control.</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>University of British Columbia, Vancouver.</nlm:affiliation>
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</affiliation>
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</affiliation>
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<wicri:noCountry code="no comma">University of Toronto.</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
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</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Alberta Provincial Laboratory, Edmonton.</nlm:affiliation>
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</affiliation>
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<wicri:noCountry code="no comma">Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec.</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Eshaghi, Alireza" sort="Eshaghi, Alireza" uniqKey="Eshaghi A" first="Alireza" last="Eshaghi">Alireza Eshaghi</name>
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<wicri:noCountry code="subField">Toronto</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kwindt, Trijntje L" sort="Kwindt, Trijntje L" uniqKey="Kwindt T" first="Trijntje L" last="Kwindt">Trijntje L. Kwindt</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>British Columbia Centre for Disease Control.</nlm:affiliation>
<wicri:noCountry code="no comma">British Columbia Centre for Disease Control.</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bastien, Nathalie" sort="Bastien, Nathalie" uniqKey="Bastien N" first="Nathalie" last="Bastien">Nathalie Bastien</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg.</nlm:affiliation>
<wicri:noCountry code="subField">Winnipeg</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Li, Yan" sort="Li, Yan" uniqKey="Li Y" first="Yan" last="Li">Yan Li</name>
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<wicri:noCountry code="subField">Winnipeg</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>
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<term>Adult</term>
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<term>Canada (epidemiology)</term>
<term>Child</term>
<term>Child, Preschool</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Genome, Viral (genetics)</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Infant</term>
<term>Influenza A virus (genetics)</term>
<term>Influenza A virus (immunology)</term>
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<term>Sentinel Surveillance</term>
<term>Young Adult</term>
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<term>Adulte</term>
<term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term>
<term>Canada (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Enfant</term>
<term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Grippe humaine ()</term>
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<term>Grippe humaine (virologie)</term>
<term>Grippe humaine (épidémiologie)</term>
<term>Génome viral (génétique)</term>
<term>Humains</term>
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<term>Mâle</term>
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<term>Virus de la grippe A (immunologie)</term>
<term>Virus influenza B (génétique)</term>
<term>Virus influenza B (immunologie)</term>
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<term>Influenza, Human</term>
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<term>Adult</term>
<term>Aged</term>
<term>Child</term>
<term>Child, Preschool</term>
<term>Female</term>
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<term>Infant</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Middle Aged</term>
<term>Sentinel Surveillance</term>
<term>Young Adult</term>
</keywords>
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<term>Adulte</term>
<term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term>
<term>Enfant</term>
<term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Grippe humaine</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Jeune adulte</term>
<term>Mâle</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>BACKGROUND</b>
</p>
<p>The 2014-2015 influenza season was distinguished by an epidemic of antigenically-drifted A(H3N2) viruses and vaccine components identical to 2013-2014. We report 2014-2015 vaccine effectiveness (VE) from Canada and explore contributing agent-host factors.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b>
</p>
<p>VE against laboratory-confirmed influenza was derived using a test-negative design among outpatients with influenza-like illness. Sequencing identified amino acid mutations at key antigenic sites of the viral hemagglutinin protein.</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b>
</p>
<p>Overall, 815/1930 (42%) patients tested influenza-positive: 590 (72%) influenza A and 226 (28%) influenza B. Most influenza A viruses with known subtype were A(H3N2) (570/577; 99%); 409/460 (89%) sequenced viruses belonged to genetic clade 3C.2a and 39/460 (8%) to clade 3C.3b. Dominant clade 3C.2a viruses bore the pivotal mutations F159Y (a cluster-transition position) and K160T (a predicted gain of glycosylation) compared to the mismatched clade 3C.1 vaccine. VE against A(H3N2) was -17% (95% confidence interval [CI], -50% to 9%) overall with clade-specific VE of -13% (95% CI, -51% to 15%) for clade 3C.2a but 52% (95% CI, -17% to 80%) for clade 3C.3b. VE against A(H3N2) was 53% (95% CI, 10% to 75%) for patients vaccinated in 2014-2015 only, significantly lower at -32% (95% CI, -75% to 0%) if also vaccinated in 2013-2014 and -54% (95% CI, -108% to -14%) if vaccinated each year since 2012-2013. VE against clade-mismatched B(Yamagata) viruses was 42% (95% CI, 10% to 62%) with less-pronounced reduction from prior vaccination compared to A(H3N2).</p>
</div>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>
</p>
<p>Variation in the viral genome and negative effects of serial vaccination likely contributed to poor influenza vaccine performance in 2014-2015.</p>
</div>
</front>
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<DateCompleted><Year>2017</Year>
<Month>10</Month>
<Day>17</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised><Year>2020</Year>
<Month>03</Month>
<Day>06</Day>
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<Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1537-6591</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>63</Volume>
<Issue>1</Issue>
<PubDate><Year>2016</Year>
<Month>07</Month>
<Day>01</Day>
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<Title>Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America</Title>
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<ArticleTitle>A Perfect Storm: Impact of Genomic Variation and Serial Vaccination on Low Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness During the 2014-2015 Season.</ArticleTitle>
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<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1093/cid/ciw176</ELocationID>
<Abstract><AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND">The 2014-2015 influenza season was distinguished by an epidemic of antigenically-drifted A(H3N2) viruses and vaccine components identical to 2013-2014. We report 2014-2015 vaccine effectiveness (VE) from Canada and explore contributing agent-host factors.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="METHODS">VE against laboratory-confirmed influenza was derived using a test-negative design among outpatients with influenza-like illness. Sequencing identified amino acid mutations at key antigenic sites of the viral hemagglutinin protein.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="RESULTS">Overall, 815/1930 (42%) patients tested influenza-positive: 590 (72%) influenza A and 226 (28%) influenza B. Most influenza A viruses with known subtype were A(H3N2) (570/577; 99%); 409/460 (89%) sequenced viruses belonged to genetic clade 3C.2a and 39/460 (8%) to clade 3C.3b. Dominant clade 3C.2a viruses bore the pivotal mutations F159Y (a cluster-transition position) and K160T (a predicted gain of glycosylation) compared to the mismatched clade 3C.1 vaccine. VE against A(H3N2) was -17% (95% confidence interval [CI], -50% to 9%) overall with clade-specific VE of -13% (95% CI, -51% to 15%) for clade 3C.2a but 52% (95% CI, -17% to 80%) for clade 3C.3b. VE against A(H3N2) was 53% (95% CI, 10% to 75%) for patients vaccinated in 2014-2015 only, significantly lower at -32% (95% CI, -75% to 0%) if also vaccinated in 2013-2014 and -54% (95% CI, -108% to -14%) if vaccinated each year since 2012-2013. VE against clade-mismatched B(Yamagata) viruses was 42% (95% CI, 10% to 62%) with less-pronounced reduction from prior vaccination compared to A(H3N2).</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS">Variation in the viral genome and negative effects of serial vaccination likely contributed to poor influenza vaccine performance in 2014-2015.</AbstractText>
<CopyrightInformation>© The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.</CopyrightInformation>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Skowronski</LastName>
<ForeName>Danuta M</ForeName>
<Initials>DM</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>British Columbia Centre for Disease Control.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of British Columbia, Vancouver.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chambers</LastName>
<ForeName>Catharine</ForeName>
<Initials>C</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>British Columbia Centre for Disease Control.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sabaiduc</LastName>
<ForeName>Suzana</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>British Columbia Centre for Disease Control.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>De Serres</LastName>
<ForeName>Gaston</ForeName>
<Initials>G</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Laval University.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Winter</LastName>
<ForeName>Anne-Luise</ForeName>
<Initials>AL</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Dickinson</LastName>
<ForeName>James A</ForeName>
<Initials>JA</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Calgary.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Krajden</LastName>
<ForeName>Mel</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>British Columbia Centre for Disease Control.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of British Columbia, Vancouver.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gubbay</LastName>
<ForeName>Jonathan B</ForeName>
<Initials>JB</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Toronto.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Drews</LastName>
<ForeName>Steven J</ForeName>
<Initials>SJ</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>University of Alberta.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Alberta Provincial Laboratory, Edmonton.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Martineau</LastName>
<ForeName>Christine</ForeName>
<Initials>C</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Eshaghi</LastName>
<ForeName>Alireza</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Public Health Ontario, Toronto.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kwindt</LastName>
<ForeName>Trijntje L</ForeName>
<Initials>TL</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>British Columbia Centre for Disease Control.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bastien</LastName>
<ForeName>Nathalie</ForeName>
<Initials>N</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName>
<ForeName>Yan</ForeName>
<Initials>Y</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><GrantID>TPA-90193</GrantID>
<Agency>CIHR</Agency>
<Country>Canada</Country>
</Grant>
</GrantList>
<PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
<PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
<ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2016</Year>
<Month>03</Month>
<Day>29</Day>
</ArticleDate>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country>
<MedlineTA>Clin Infect Dis</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>9203213</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>1058-4838</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D007252">Influenza Vaccines</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
</ChemicalList>
<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
<MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000293" MajorTopicYN="N">Adolescent</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002170" MajorTopicYN="N">Canada</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002648" MajorTopicYN="N">Child</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002675" MajorTopicYN="N">Child, Preschool</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016679" MajorTopicYN="N">Genome, Viral</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="Y">genetics</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName>
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<QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009981" MajorTopicYN="Y">Influenza B virus</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007252" MajorTopicYN="N">Influenza Vaccines</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007251" MajorTopicYN="Y">Influenza, Human</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="N">prevention & control</QualifierName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000821" MajorTopicYN="N">virology</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018571" MajorTopicYN="N">Sentinel Surveillance</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055815" MajorTopicYN="N">Young Adult</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
</MeshHeadingList>
<KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">antigenic drift</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">genomics</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">influenza vaccines</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">sentinel surveillance</Keyword>
<Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">vaccine effectiveness</Keyword>
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<Day>28</Day>
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<Month>03</Month>
<Day>07</Day>
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<affiliations><list></list>
<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Bastien, Nathalie" sort="Bastien, Nathalie" uniqKey="Bastien N" first="Nathalie" last="Bastien">Nathalie Bastien</name>
<name sortKey="Chambers, Catharine" sort="Chambers, Catharine" uniqKey="Chambers C" first="Catharine" last="Chambers">Catharine Chambers</name>
<name sortKey="De Serres, Gaston" sort="De Serres, Gaston" uniqKey="De Serres G" first="Gaston" last="De Serres">Gaston De Serres</name>
<name sortKey="Dickinson, James A" sort="Dickinson, James A" uniqKey="Dickinson J" first="James A" last="Dickinson">James A. Dickinson</name>
<name sortKey="Drews, Steven J" sort="Drews, Steven J" uniqKey="Drews S" first="Steven J" last="Drews">Steven J. Drews</name>
<name sortKey="Eshaghi, Alireza" sort="Eshaghi, Alireza" uniqKey="Eshaghi A" first="Alireza" last="Eshaghi">Alireza Eshaghi</name>
<name sortKey="Gubbay, Jonathan B" sort="Gubbay, Jonathan B" uniqKey="Gubbay J" first="Jonathan B" last="Gubbay">Jonathan B. Gubbay</name>
<name sortKey="Krajden, Mel" sort="Krajden, Mel" uniqKey="Krajden M" first="Mel" last="Krajden">Mel Krajden</name>
<name sortKey="Kwindt, Trijntje L" sort="Kwindt, Trijntje L" uniqKey="Kwindt T" first="Trijntje L" last="Kwindt">Trijntje L. Kwindt</name>
<name sortKey="Li, Yan" sort="Li, Yan" uniqKey="Li Y" first="Yan" last="Li">Yan Li</name>
<name sortKey="Martineau, Christine" sort="Martineau, Christine" uniqKey="Martineau C" first="Christine" last="Martineau">Christine Martineau</name>
<name sortKey="Sabaiduc, Suzana" sort="Sabaiduc, Suzana" uniqKey="Sabaiduc S" first="Suzana" last="Sabaiduc">Suzana Sabaiduc</name>
<name sortKey="Skowronski, Danuta M" sort="Skowronski, Danuta M" uniqKey="Skowronski D" first="Danuta M" last="Skowronski">Danuta M. Skowronski</name>
<name sortKey="Winter, Anne Luise" sort="Winter, Anne Luise" uniqKey="Winter A" first="Anne-Luise" last="Winter">Anne-Luise Winter</name>
</noCountry>
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